Wayambekange N Hamufenhu
Namibia is renowned for its stunning landscapes, rich biodiversity, and natural resources. From the sprawling desert landscapes of Namib to the lush wildlife in the northeast, the nation’s natural affluence is an integral part of its identity and economy. However, the threat of climate change is beginning to cast a dark shadow over this fragile bio-network. The impacts are already evident and pose a severe threat to the sustainability of the country’s environment, economy, and future.
As a largely arid country, Namibia’s reliance on its natural resources, especially water, agriculture, and wildlife, is undeniable. The rising temperatures due to climate change, erratic rainfall, and prolonged droughts, are putting immense pressure on these critical resources. With the country already vulnerable to water scarcity, this hastening crisis has only intensified the challenges related to water availability, agricultural productivity, and biodiversity conservation.
The persistent droughts that have plagued the region in recent years are becoming more frequent and severe. The country’s main water sources, such as Rivers, are increasingly threatened due to reduced rainfall and higher evaporation resulting from rising temperatures. Dams are operating at dangerously low levels currently. In the future, if the nation continues to experience lower rainfall than it is now, further challenges to food security, increased poverty, and possible social unrest will be witnessed countrywide.
Another cornerstone of Namibia’s economy is agriculture, with both subsistence farming and commercial agriculture contributing significantly to the livelihoods of many Namibians. However, the waves of climate change are already being felt in this sector, making it more difficult for farmers to maintain consistent production. In rural areas, where farmers depend heavily on rain-fed agriculture, crop failure is becoming more common.
The array of Namibia’s wildlife tourism industry is a major contributor to the economy, attracting visitors from around the world to experience the unique wildlife and natural beauty of places However, these ecosystems are under threat of climate change. Rising temperatures, prolonged droughts, and altered rainfall patterns are affecting the habitats and migration patterns of many species such as underwater and bird species. In addition, climate change is exacerbating the human-wildlife conflict, as animals are forced to move into areas inhabited by humans in search of food and water.
Time to Act is now
The threat posed by climate change is not a future scenario; it is happening right now. Although Namibia is a relatively small emitter of greenhouse gases on a global scale, the country is one of the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Therefore, both the government and citizens must take immediate and decisive action to mitigate these risks and adapt to the changing climate.
Additionally, the country needs to prioritize water conservation initiatives, enhance water infrastructure, and implement climate-smart agricultural practices to ensure that farmers are equipped to cope with changing weather patterns. Efforts to protect biodiversity, such as creating more resilient wildlife corridors and investing in conservation programs, should be stepped up.
Climate change represents an existential threat to the sustainability of all of Namibia’s natural resources. Namibia must take immediate action to safeguard its natural heritage and secure its future. By investing in sustainable practices, adopting climate-resilient strategies, and working together with the international community, Namibia can mitigate the worst effects of climate change and continue to thrive as a nation. The time for action is now, Namibia’s future depends on it.
Wayambekange N Hamufenhu is a Pan- Pan-African sanitation advocate and Inspire fellow Alumni.
